【题
目】中华人民共和国环境保护法(附英文)
【颁布单位】全国人大常委会
【注】 （１９８９年１２月２６日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过 １９８９年１２月２６日中华人民共和国主席令第二十二号公布 自公布之日起施行。
全文
《中华人民共和国环境保护法》已由中华人民共和国第届七全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议于 １９８９年１２月２６日通过，自公布之日施行。
中华人民共和国主席 杨尚昆
１９８９年１２月２６日
目 录
第一章 总 则
第二章 环境监督管理
第三章 保护和改善环境
第四章 防治环境污染和其他公害
第五章 法律责任
第六章 附 则
第一章 总 则
第一条 为保护和改善生活环境与生态环境，防治污染和其他公害，保障人体健康，促进社会主义现代化建设的发展，制定本法。
第二条 本法所称环境，是指影响人类生存和发展的各种天然的和经过人工改造的自然因素的总体，包括大气、水、海洋、土地、矿藏、森林、草原、野生生物、自然遗迹、人文遗迹、自然保护区、风景名胜区、城市和乡村等。
第三条 本法适用于中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域。
第四条 国家制定的环境保护规划必须纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，国家采取有利于环境保护的经济、技术政策和措施，使环境保护工作同经济建设和社会发展相协调。
第五条 国家鼓励环境保护科学教育事业的发展，加强环境保护科学技术的研究和开发，提高环境保护科学技术水平，普及环境保护的科学知识。
第六条 一切单位和个人都有保护环境的义务，并有权对污染和破坏环境的单位和个人进行检举和控告。
第七条 国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。
县级以上地方人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。
国家海洋行政主管部门、港务监督、渔政渔港监督、军队环境保护部门和各级公安、交通、铁道、民航管理部门，依照有关法律的规定对环境污染防治实施监督管理。
县级以上人民政府的土地、矿产、林业、农业、水利行政主管部门，依照有关法律的规定对资源的保护实施监督管理。
第八条 对保护环境有显著成绩的单位和个人，由人民政府给予奖励。
第二章 环境监督管理
第九条 国务院环境保护行政主管部门制定国家环境质量标准。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家环境质量标准中未作规定的项目，可以制定地方环境质量标准，并报国务院环境保护行政主管部门备案。
第十条 国务院环境保护行政主管部门根据国家环境质量标准和国家经济、技术条件，制定国家污染物排放标准。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家污染物排放标准中未作规定的项目，可以制定地方污染物排放标准；对国家污染物排放标准中已作规定的项目，可以制定严于国家污染物排放标准的地方污染物排放标准。地方污染物排放标准须报国务院环境保护行政主管部门备案。
凡是向已有地方污染物排放标准的区域排放污染物的，应当执行地方污染物排放标准。
第十一条 国务院环境保护行政主管部门建立监测制度，制定监测规范，会同有关部门组织监测网络，加强对环境监测和管理。国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的环境保护行政主管部门，应当定期发布环境状况公报。
第十二条 县级以上人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，应当会同有关部门对管辖范围内的环境状况进行调查和评价，拟订环境保护规划，经计划部门综合平衡后，报同级人民政府批准实施。
第十三条 建设污染环境的项目，必须遵守国家有关建设项目环境保护管理的规定。
建设项目的环境影响报告书，必须对建设项目产生的污染和对环境的影响作出评价，规定防治措施，经项目主管部门预审并依照规定的程序报环境保护行政主管部门批准。环境影响报告书经批准后，计划部门方可批准建设项目设计任务书。
第十四条 县级以上人民政府环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门，有权对管辖范围内的排污单位进行现场检查。被检查的单位应当如实反映情况，提供必要的资料。检查机关应当为被检查的单位保守技术秘密和业务秘密。
第十五条 跨行政区的环境污染和环境破坏的防治工作，由有关地方人民政府协商解决，或者由上级人民政府协调解决，做出决定。
第三章 保护和改善环境
第十六条 地方各级人民政府，应当对本辖区的环境质量负责，采取措施改善环境质量。
第十七条 各级人民政府对具有代表性的各种类型的自然生态系统区域，珍稀、濒危的野生动植物自然分布区域，重要的水源涵养区域，具有重大科学文化价值的地质构造、著名溶洞和化石分布区、冰川、火山、温泉等自然遗迹，以及人文遗迹、古树名木，应当采取措施加以保护，严
禁破坏。
第十八条 在国务院、国务院有关主管部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府划定的风景名胜区、自然保护区和其他需要特别保护的区域内，不得建设污染环境的工业生产设施；建设其他设施，其污染物排放不得超过规定的排放标准。已经建成的设施，其污染物排放超过规定的排放标准
的，限期治理。
第十九条 开发利用自然资源，必须采取措施保护生态环境。
第二十条 各级人民政府应当加强对农业环境的保护，防治土壤污染、土地沙化、盐渍化、贫瘠化、沼泽化、地面沉降和防治植被破坏、水土流失、水源枯竭、种源灭绝以及其他生态失调现象的发生和发展，推广植物病虫害的综合防治，合理使用化肥、农药及植物生长激素。
第二十一条 国务院和治海地方各级人民政府应当加强对海洋环境的保护。向海洋排放污染物、倾到废弃物，进行海岸工程建设和海洋石油勘探开发，必须依照法律的规定，防止对海洋环境的污染损害。
第二十二条 制定城市规划，应当确定保护和改善环境的目标和任务。
第二十三条 城乡建设应当结合当地自然环境的特点，保护植被、水域和自然景观，加强城市园林、绿地和风景名胜区的建设。
第四章 防治环境污染和其他公害
第二十四条 产生环境污染和其他公害的单位，必须把环境保护工作纳入计划，建立环境保护责任制度；采取有效措施，防治在生产建设或者其他活动中产生的废气、废水、废渣、粉尘、恶臭气体、放射性物质以及噪声、振动、电磁波辐射等对环境的污染和危害。
第二十五条 新建工业企业和现有工业企业的技术改造，应当采用资源利用率高、污染物排放量少的设备和工艺，采用经济合理的废弃物综合利用技术和污染物处理技术。
第二十六条 建设项目中防治污染的设旋，必须与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投产使用。防治污染的设施必须经原审批环境影响报告书的环境保护行政主管部门验收合格后，该建设项目方可投入生产或者使用。
防治污染的设施不得擅自拆除或者闲置，确有必要拆除或者闲置的，必须征得所在地的环境保护行政主管部门同意。
第二十七条 排放污染物的企业事业单位，必须依照国务院环境保护行政主管部门的规定申报登记。
第二十八条 排放污染物超过国家或者地方规定的污染物排放标准的企业事业单位，依照国家规定缴纳超标准排污费，并负责治理。水污染防治法另有规定的，依照水污染防治法的规定执行。
征收的超标准排污费必须用于污染的防治，不得挪作他用，具体使用办法由国务院规定。
第二十九条 对造成环境严重污染的企业事业单位，限期治理。
中央或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府直接管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府决定。市、县或者市、县以下人民政府管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理，由市、县人民政府决定。被限期治理的企业事业单位必须如期完成治理任务。
第三十条 禁止引进不符合我国环境保护规定要求的技术和设备。
第三十一条 因发生事故或者其他突然性事件，造成或者可能造成污染事故的单位，必须立即采取措施处理，及时通报可能受到污染危害的单位和居民，并向当地环境保护行政主管部门和有关部门报告，接受调查处理。
可能发生重大污染事故的企业事业单位，应当采取措施，加强防范。
第三十二条 县级以上地方人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，在环境受到严重污染威胁居民生命财产安全时，必须立即向当地人民政府报告，由人民政府采取有效措施，解除或者减轻危害。
第三十三条 生产、储存、运输、销售、使用有毒化学物品和含有放射性物质的物品，必须遵守国家有关规定，防止污染环境。
第三十四条 任何单位不得将产生严重污染的生产设备转移给没有污染防治能力的单位使用。
第五章 法律责任
第三十五条 违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门可以根据不同情节，给予警告或者处以罚款：
（一）拒绝环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门现场检查或者在被检查时弄虚作假的。
（二）拒报或者谎报国务院环境保护行政主管部门规定的有关污染物排放申报事项的。
（三）不按国家规定缴纳超标准排污费的。
（四）引进不符合我国环境保护规定要求的技术和设备的。
（五）将产生严重污染的生产设备转移给没有污染防治能力的单位使用的。
第三十六条 建设项目的防治污染设施没有建成或者没有达到国家规定的要求，投入生产或者使用的，由批准该建设项目的环境影响报告书的环境保护行政主管部门责令停止生产或者使用，可以并处罚款。
第三十七条 未经环境保护行政主管部门同意，擅自拆除或者闲置防治污染的设施，污染物排放超过规定的排放标准的，由环境保护行政主管部门责令重新安装使用，并处罚款。
第三十八条 对违反本法规定，造成环境污染事故的企业事业单位，由环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门根据所造成的危害后果处以罚款；情节较重的，对有关责任人员由其所在单位或者政府主管机关给予行政处分。
第三十九条 对经限期治理逾期未完成治理任务的企业事业单位，除依照国家规定加收超标准排污费外，可以根据所造成的危害后果处以罚款，或者责令停业、关闭。
前款规定的罚款由环境保护行政主管部门决定。责令停业、关闭，由作出限期治理决定的人民政府决定；责令中央直接管辖的企业事业单位停业、关闭，须报国务院批准。
第四十条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五是内，向作出处罚决定的机关的上一级机关申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以在接到复议决定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内，直接向人民法院起诉。当事人
逾期不申请复议、也不向人民法院起诉、又不履行处罚决定的，由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
第四十一条 造成环境污染危害的，有责任排除危害，并对直接受到损害的单位或者个人赔偿损失。
赔偿责任和赔偿金额的纠纷，可以根据当事人的请求，由环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照本法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门处理；当事人对处理决定不服的，可以向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以直接向人民法院起诉。
完全由于不可护拒的自然灾害，并经及时采取合理措施，仍然不能避免造成环境污染损害的，免予承担责任。
第四十二条 因环境污染损害赔偿提起诉讼的时效期间为三年，从当事人知道或者应当知道受到污染损害时起计算。
第四十三条 违反本法规定，造成重大环境污染事故，导致公私财产重大损失或者人身伤亡的严重后果的，对直接责任人员依法追究刑事责任。
第四十四条 违反本法规定，造成土地、森林、草原、水、矿产、渔业、野生动植物等资源的破坏的，依照有关法律的规定承担法律责任。
第四十五条 环境保护监督管理人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，由其所在单位或者上级主管机关给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第六章 附 则
第四十六条 中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的与环境保护有关的国际条约，同中华人民共和国法律有不同规定的，适用国际条约的规定，但中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。
第四十七条 本法自公布之日起施行《中华人民共和国环境保护法（试行）》同时废止。
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This
English document is coming from the
""LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS"" (1991.7)
which
is compiled by
the Brueau of
Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of
the People's Republic of
China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in
Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
OF CHINA
(Adopted at the 11th Meeting of the
Standing Committee of
the
Seventh National People's Congress on December
26, 1989, promulgated by
Order No. 22 of the President of
the People's Republic of
China on
December 26, 1989, and effective on the date of
promulgation)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Supervision and Management
of the Environment
Chapter III
Protection and Improvement of the Environment
Chapter IV Prevention and Control of
Environmental Pollution and Other
Public Hazards
Chapter V Legal Liability
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is
formulated for the
purpose of protecting and
improving
people's
environment and the
ecological environment, preventing and
controlling pollution and other public hazards,
safeguarding human health
and facilitating the development of socialist modernization.
Article 2
""Environment"" as used in this
Law refers to the total body of all
natural
elements and artificially transformed natural elements affecting human
existence and development, which includes the
atmosphere, water, seas,
land, minerals, forests, grasslands, wildlife, natural
and human remains,
nature reserves, historic sites and scenic spots, and
urban and rural
areas.
Article 3
This Law shall apply to the territory of the
People's Republic of
China
and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the
People's Republic of
China.
Article 4
The plans for environmental protection formulated
by the state must be
incorporated into the national economic and social
development plans; the
state
shall adopt economic and
technological policies and
measures
favourable for environmental protection so as to
coordinate the work of
environmental protection with economic construction and social
development.
Article 5
The state shall encourage the development of education
in the science of
environmental protection, strengthen the study and
development of the
science and technology of environmental protection,
raise the scientific
and
technological level of
environmental protection and popularize
scientific knowledge of environmental protection.
Article 6
All units and
individuals shall have the
obligation to protect the
environment and shall have the right to report on or
file charges against
units or individuals that cause pollution or damage to
the environment.
Article 7
The competent department of environmental protection
administration under
the State Council shall conduct unified supervision
and management of the
environmental protection work throughout the country.
The competent departments of environmental protection administration of
the local people's governments at or above the county
level shall conduct
unified supervision and management of the environmental protection work
within
areas under their jurisdiction. The state administrative
department of marine affairs, the harbour
superintendency administration,
the fisheries administration and fishing harbour
superintendency agencies,
the environmental protection department of
the armed forces and
the
administrative departments of public security, transportation, railways
and civil aviation at
various levels shall, in
accordance with the
provisions of relevant laws, conduct supervision and
management of the
prevention
and control of
environmental
pollution. The competent
administrative departments of land, minerals, forestry, agriculture and
water conservancy of the people's governments at or
above the county level
shall, in
accordance with the
provisions of relevant laws, conduct
supervision and management of the protection of
natural resources.
Article 8
The people's government shall give awards to
units and individuals that
have
made outstanding achievements in
protecting and improving the
environment.
Chapter II Supervision and Management of the Environment
Article 9
The competent department of environmental protection
administration under
the State Council shall establish the national standards for
environment
quality.
The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government
may establish their
local standards for environment quality for items not
specified in the
national standards for environment quality and shall
report them to
the
competent department of environmental protection
administration under the
State Council for the record.
Article 10
The competent department of environmental protection
administration under
the State Council shall, in accordance with the
national standards for
environment
quality and the
country's
economic and technological
conditions,
establish the national standards for
the discharge of
pollutants.
The
people's
governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government
may establish their
local standards for the discharge of pollutants for
items not specified in
the national standards; with regard to items already specified in
the
national standards, they may set local standards which
are more stringent
than
the national standards and
report the same to
the competent
department of environmental protection administration under the
State
Council for the record. Units that discharge pollutants in
areas where
the local standards for the discharge of pollutants
have been established
shall observe such local standards.
Article 11
The competent department of environmental protection
administration under
the State Council shall establish a
monitoring system, formulate the
monitoring norm and, in conjunction with relevant
departments, organize a
monitoring
network and strengthen the
management of environmental
monitoring.
The competent departments of environmental protection
administration under
the State Council and governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government
shall regularly issue
bulletins on environmental situations.
Article 12
The competent departments of environmental protection administration of
the
people's governments at
or above the
county level shall, in
conjunction with
relevant departments, make an
investigation and an
assessment
of the environmental situation within areas under their
jurisdiction, draw up plans for
environmental
protection which shall,
subject to overall balancing by the department of
planning, be submitted
to
the people's government at
the same level for
approval before
implementation.
Article 13
Units constructing projects that cause pollution to
the environment must
observe the state provisions concerning environmental
protection for such
construction
projects. The environmental impact statement on a
construction project must assess the pollution the
projects is likely to
produce and its impact on the environment and
stipulate the preventive and
curative measures; the statement shall, after initial
examination by the
authorities in
charge of the
construction project, be
submitted by
specified
procedure to the
competent
department of environmental
protection administration for approval. The department
of planning shall
not ratify the design plan descriptions of the
construction project until
after the environmental impact statement on the construction project is
approved.
Article 14
The competent departments of environmental protection administration of
the people's governments at or above the county level
or other departments
invested by law
with power to
conduct environmental supervision and
management shall be empowered to make on-site
inspections of units under
their jurisdiction that discharge pollutants. The units being inspected
shall truthfully report the situation to them and
provide them with the
necessary information. The inspecting authorities
shall keep confidential
the technological know-how and business secrets of the
units inspected.
Article 15
Work for the prevention and control of the
environmental pollution and
damage that involve various administrative areas shall
be conducted by the
relevant local people's governments through
negotiation, or by decision of
the people's government at a higher level through
mediation.
Chapter III Protection and Improvement of the Environment
Article 16
The local people's governments at various levels shall
be responsible for
the environment
quality of areas under their jurisdiction and
take
measures to improve the environment quality.
Article 17
The people's governments at various levels shall take
measures to protect
regions representing various types of natural
ecological systems, regions
with a natural distribution of
rare and endangered wild animals and
plants, regions where major sources of water are
conserved, geological
structures of major scientific and cultural
value, famous regions where
karst caves and fossil deposits are
distributed, traces of
glaciers,
volcanos and hot
springs, traces of
human history, and
ancient and
precious trees. Damage to the above shall be strictly
forbidden.
Article 18
Within the scenic spots or historic sites, nature
reserves and other zones
that need special protection, as designated by
the State Council, the
relevant competent department under the State
Council, and the
people's
governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly
under the Central Government, no industrial production
installations that
cause environmental pollution shall be built;
other installations to
be
built in these areas must not exceed the
prescribed standards for
the
discharge of
pollutants. If the
installations that have been built
discharge more pollutants than are specified by
the prescribed discharge
standards, such pollution shall be
eliminated or controlled within a
prescribed period of time.
Article 19
Measures must be taken to protect the ecological
environment while natural
resources are being developed or utilized.
Article 20
The people's governments at various levels shall
provide better protection
for the
agricultural
environment by preventing and
controlling soil
pollution,
the
desertification
and alkalization of land, the
impoverishment of soil, the deterioration of
land into marshes, earth
subsidence, the damage of vegetation, soil erosion, the
drying up of
sources of water,
the extinction of
species and the
occurrence and
development of other ecological imbalances, by
extending the scale of
a
comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases
and insect pests,
and
by promoting a
rational application of chemical fertilizers,
pesticides and plant growth hormone.
Article 21
The State Council and the
people's governments at
various levels in
coastal areas shall provide better protection for the
marine environment.
The discharge of pollutants and the dumping of wastes
into the seas, the
construction of coastal projects, and the exploration
and exploitation of
offshore oil must be conducted in compliance with
legal provisions so as
to guard against the pollution and damage of the
marine environment.
Article 22
The targets and tasks for protecting and improving
the environment shall
be defined in urban planning.
Article 23
In urban and
rural construction, vegetation, waters and
the natural
landscape shall be protected and attention paid to
the construction of
gardens, green land and historic sites and scenic
spots in the cities in
the light of the special features of the local natural
environment.
Chapter IV Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution and Other Public Hazards
Article 24
Units that cause environmental pollution and
other public hazards shall
incorporate the work of environmental protection into their plans and
establish a responsibility system for environmental
protection, and must
adopt effective measures to prevent and control
the pollution and
harms
caused to the environment by waste gas, waste water,
waste residues, dust,
malodorous
gases,
radioactive
substances, noise, vibration and
electromagnetic
radiation generated in
the course of production,
construction or other activities.
Article 25
For the technological transformation of newly-built
industrial enterprises
and existing industrial enterprises, facilities and
processes that effect
a high rate of the utilization of
resources and a
low rate of
the
discharge of pollutants shall be used, along with
economical and rational
technology for the comprehensive utilization of
waste materials and
the
treatment of pollutants.
Article 26
Installations
for the prevention and
control of pollution at a
construction project must be designed, built and
commissioned together
with the principal part of the project. No permission
shall be given for a
construction project to be commissioned or used,
until its installations
for the prevention and control of pollution are
examined and considered up
to the standard by the competent department of
environmental protection
administration
that examined and
approved the environmental impact
statement.
Installations for the
prevention and control of
pollution
shall not be dismantled or left idle without authorization. If
it is
really necessary to dismantle such installations or leave
them idle, prior
approval shall be obtained from the competent
department of environmental
protection administration in the locality.
Article 27
Enterprises and institutions discharging
pollutants must report to
and
register with the relevant authorities in accordance
with the provisions
of the competent department of
environmental
protection administration
under the State Council.
Article 28
Enterprises and institutions discharging pollutants in
excess of the
prescribed national or local discharge standards shall pay
a fee for
excessive
discharge according to
state provisions and
shall assume
responsibility
for eliminating and
controlling the pollution. The
provisions of the Law on Prevention and Control of
Water Pollution shall
be complied with where they are applicable.
The income derived from the fee levied for
the excessive discharge of
pollutants must be used for the prevention and
control of pollution and
shall not be
appropriated for other purposes. The
specific measures
thereof shall be prescribed by the State Council.
Article 29
If an enterprise or institution has caused severe
environmental pollution,
it shall be required to eliminate and
control the pollution within a
certain period of time. For enterprises and institutions directly under
the jurisdiction of the Central Government or the
people's government of a
province, an autonomous region, or
a municipality directly under the
Central Government, the decision on a deadline for
the elimination or
control of pollution shall be made by
the people's government of
the
province, autonomous region and
the municipality directly under the
Central
Government. For enterprises and institutions under the
jurisdiction of a people's government at or
below the city or
county
level, such decision shall be made by the people's
government of the city
or
county. Such enterprises and
institutions shall accomplish the
elimination or control of pollution within the
specified period of time.
Article 30
A ban shall be imposed on the importation of any technology or
facility
that fails to meet the requirements specified in
the regulations of
our
country concerning environmental protection.
Article 31
Any unit that, as a result of an accident or
any other exigency, has
caused or threatens to cause an accident of pollution,
must promptly take
measures to prevent and control the pollution hazards,
make the situation
known to such units and inhabitants as are likely to
be endangered by such
hazards, report the case to the
competent department of
environmental
protection administration of the locality and the
departments concerned
and accept their investigation and decision.
Enterprises and institutions that are likely to
cause severe pollution
accidents shall adopt measures for effective
prevention.
Article 32
If the safety of the lives and property of
inhabitants is endangered by
severe environmental pollution, the competent
department of environmental
protection administration of the local people's
government at or above the
county level must promptly report to the local people's government. The
people's government concerned shall take effective
measures to remove or
alleviate the hazard.
Article 33
The production, storage, transportation, sale and use
of toxic chemicals
and materials containing radioactive substances must comply with the
relevant state provisions so as to prevent
environmental pollution.
Article 34
No unit shall be permitted to transfer a production
facility that causes
severe pollution for use by a unit that is unable to
prevent and control
pollution.
Chapter V Legal Liability